Sleep & rest · Find your starting point

Sleep & your mental health

When sleep feels difficult, it can be hard to know where to start. Explore the part that is troubling you, what a sleep assessment can involve and how to describe your experience.

Start with the part of sleep you want help with.
01 / Get a clearer picture

Which part of sleep feels difficult?

Difficulty getting to sleep, feeling unrested and falling asleep during the day can overlap, but they are not interchangeable. Describing your own pattern is more useful than choosing a diagnosis before an appointment.

Stress, mood, health conditions, medicines, your environment and working hours can all belong in the conversation. Sleep difficulties deserve attention in their own right; being interested in this page does not mean your sleep problem has a mental-health cause.

Based on NHS · NHLBI · NIH · NHS

Start with the part of sleep you want help with.
A visual explanation

Your starting point can be a question.

  • Difficulty sleeping

    Falling asleep, waking or returning to sleep

  • Sleep quality

    How sleep feels and affects your days

  • Daytime sleepiness

    Dozing or struggling to remain awake

  • Your context

    Health, medicines, routines and circumstances

Different aspects of sleep can overlap. This purpose map is not a diagnostic sorter or sleep-quality score. Source: NHS
A closer look

Start with the part of sleep that feels difficult.

Difficulty falling asleep, a sleep schedule that conflicts with your day, unplanned dozing and breathing changes are different concerns. They can overlap, but they do not all lead to the same assessment or advice.

This hub helps you choose what to read next. You do not have to decide which disorder you have. A professional can consider sleep, health, medicines and daytime functioning together.

  • Getting or staying asleep

    The insomnia page explains difficulty sleeping and daytime impact.

  • Timing

    The circadian page considers sleep timing and daily demands.

  • Daytime sleepiness

    The hypersomnolence page explains dozing and safety concerns.

  • Breathing / sleep events

    The apnea and parasomnia pages describe medical-assessment questions.

Concern-led reading, rather than a diagnosis selector or severity ranking.

Based on NHLBI / NIH · NHS · NHS · NHS

You can discuss the concern and your everyday context without chasing a perfect sleep score.
Find a useful starting point

Explore the experience you want to understand.

These pages explain different patterns. Choosing one does not suggest a diagnosis.

A closer look

A few sleep notes, if they help you.

A clinician may suggest recording sleep and daytime experiences. These optional notes help you prepare a conversation; they do not assess or treat a sleep condition. Estimates are enough, and you can skip any field.

Private to this open page.

Notes stay in this page’s memory. They are not sent to Selfmora or saved in browser storage. Refreshing, closing or leaving clears them. Copy or download before leaving if you want to keep them.

There is no automatic saving, score, monitoring or interpretation. A copied note or downloaded file remains outside this page; remove it separately if needed.

Write optional private sleep notes
See a fictional example first

This example is made up. The times are not a target, diagnosis or recommendation.

Tried to sleep
23:30
Got up
07:15
Night and day
Awake for a while overnight. Felt tired at work; did not doze off.

Time in bed and time asleep are different. No duration, efficiency or sleep-quality grade is calculated.

Add an optional entry.

Use estimates. You can leave any field empty and describe what mattered to you.

For example, waking, naps, unintended dozing or the effect on your day. Up to 1,500 characters.

Based on NHLBI · NIH · University of Pittsburgh

02 / Make sense of what has changed

Give the concern your own words.

Notice the part that affects you and what it gets in the way of. These examples help you describe an experience; they do not identify its cause.

Getting to sleep

Having enough opportunity to sleep, but struggling to fall or stay asleep.

Your schedule

Sleeping at times that are hard to fit around work, care or everyday life.

Feeling unrested

Waking without feeling refreshed, or finding concentration harder.

Daytime dozing

Dozing off unintentionally in the daytime, including after a long night.

Based on NHS · NHLBI · NIH · NHS

In everyday life

The daytime effect belongs in the conversation.

In a fictional example, Jules is unsure how much sleep they get but notices that concentration at work and alertness on the journey home have changed. That description matters even without a precise sleep total.

Sleep quality, timing and daytime functioning are related questions, rather than one universal performance score. You can describe what has become harder and which change concerns you most. Do not drive or operate machinery when sleepy.

Fictional examples to explain an experience. They are not a checklist or a diagnosis.

Based on NHLBI / NIH · NHS · NHS

03 / Put your experience into context

Your sleep is more than one number.

A clinician can ask about nights, daytime effects, health, medicines and your usual schedule. They may suggest notes or further assessment when another sleep disorder is possible.

ISI focuses on insomnia severity, PSQI on broader sleep quality and ESS on usual dozing propensity. They do not share one universal sleep score. Persistent difficulties still deserve a conversation even if a questionnaire result looks low.

Based on NHLBI · NIH · NHS · University of Pittsburgh · Morin and colleagues · Sleep · Official Epworth Sleepiness Scale website

Your experience, in three prompts
  1. 1
    The night

    What happens when you try to sleep?

  2. 2
    The day

    How does it affect waking life or safety?

  3. 3
    The context

    What health, medicine or schedule details matter?

Make a few notes
Room for your questions

Your circumstances help explain the question.

Tell a professional about relevant health changes, medicines or substances, and demands such as shifts or caregiving. Mention breathing concerns or sleep events rather than assuming that worry explains everything.

Optional notes may help you communicate, but a diary cannot establish or exclude a sleep disorder. The notes on this site stay in memory unless you choose to copy or download them; leaving or refreshing the page clears them. You do not need to complete notes before seeking help.

Based on NHLBI / NIH · NHS · NHS

04 / Explore your support options

Match the support to the difficulty.

You can choose what feels useful, with room for your circumstances and preferences.

Based on NHS · NHLBI · NIH · NHS

A wider health conversation

A primary-care or sleep clinician can explore possible causes and the kind of care that fits. Insomnia-focused therapy, treatment for a different sleep condition and medication review serve different needs.

Practical changes that fit

A quieter sleeping space and a routine that fits your circumstances may help. Shift work, caring responsibilities, housing and health can limit what is practical. You do not need to solve every habit before asking for support.

Understand your options

Ask why this approach fits your particular concern.

An insomnia treatment, a timing-focused plan and treatment for sleep-related breathing problems serve different purposes. A professional can explain which assessment and care are appropriate. General sleep habits do not replace medical care for another sleep condition.

Ask how other health concerns and daily responsibilities will be considered. This hub does not provide a universal bedtime, time-in-bed prescription or medicine recommendation.

  • Clarify

    What does the assessment suggest needs attention?

  • Choose together

    What is the purpose of the proposed approach?

  • Adapt

    How will my health and daily circumstances be considered?

  • Review

    How will we discuss progress or new concerns?

Questions that connect the concern with care; no sleep target is calculated.

Based on NHLBI / NIH · NHS · NHS

Make room for what helps

Safety comes before a complete record.

If sleepiness is affecting driving, work equipment or another safety-critical activity, raise it promptly with a healthcare professional and avoid the activity when sleepy. Ask about the rules that apply where you live; a questionnaire score cannot provide clearance.

A practical request might concern transport to an appointment, a work discussion or help explaining a night-time observation. A supporter’s account can be useful when you choose to involve them, but you do not need another person to witness every concern before requesting assessment.

Based on NHS · NHS · NHS

05 / Choose your next step

A little clarity. A place to start.

Explore a tool, prepare a conversation or find someone to talk to. Choose what feels useful to you.

Questionnaires you might hear about

These are different approaches to assessment, not a set of tests you need to complete. They are explained here rather than offered as self-tests on Selfmora. You can ask a professional whether one would be useful for you.

ISI

How much difficulty sleeping affects you.

Insomnia Severity Index

Seven items about insomnia symptoms, satisfaction, distress and daytime impact. This is a focused severity measure, rather than a broad sleep-quality profile.

What it can and cannot tell you

Exact digital-use permission and administration review remain unresolved here. It cannot identify the cause of your sleep difficulty or replace an assessment.

Official measure information

Based on Morin and colleagues · Sleep · Mapi Research Trust

PSQI

A broader picture of your sleep over the past month.

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

The original form brings several aspects of sleep together, including timing, disturbances and daytime effects. Its purpose differs from a focused insomnia questionnaire.

What it can and cannot tell you

Pittsburgh requires permission for commercial use and modifications. No licensed Selfmora questionnaire is available. A sleep-quality score does not diagnose sleep apnea or narcolepsy.

Official measure information

Based on University of Pittsburgh

ESS

Your usual tendency to doze in everyday situations.

Epworth Sleepiness Scale

The adult form has eight situations. It concerns dozing propensity, rather than tiredness alone or your alertness at this moment.

What it can and cannot tell you

An owner licence is required, even where no fee applies. No Selfmora runner is available. It cannot establish a cause, diagnose narcolepsy or determine whether you are safe to drive.

Official measure information

Based on Official Epworth Sleepiness Scale website

These are different measurement purposes, not three ways to confirm the same diagnosis. None is administered by Selfmora. You can seek help without a questionnaire score.

Something you can use today

Practical guideYour words

Prepare for a conversation

A few prompts to help you explain what you have noticed and what you would like help with.

  • A simple notes builder
  • Copy your notes to keep
  • No account needed

You decide how much to write and share.

Find your words
Support directorySomeone beside you

Find your next kind of support

Explore where to begin with everyday support, professional help or an urgent conversation.

  • Ways to ask for help
  • Country-specific crisis contacts
  • Support at your own pace

If you need urgent help, go straight to support.

Find support
You can start right here

Your first sentence does not need to be perfect.

You can start with what happens, how long it has been happening and what becomes harder. Mention unintended dozing, breathing concerns, medicines or work patterns rather than trying to produce the perfect sleep record.

Based on NHLBI · NIH · NHS

“My sleep has changed, and I would like help understanding the pattern and what to do next.”
Make it sound like you
Things you may be wondering

Your questions, with room for nuance.

You can read just the answer you need.

Is a sleep score a diagnosis?

No. Measures ask different questions and cannot replace medical assessment or exclude breathing and other sleep conditions.

Based on NHLBI / NIH · NHS

Do I need exact sleep times before asking for help?

No. You can begin with the concern and its daytime effect. Notes may support a conversation but are not a prerequisite for care.

Based on NHLBI / NIH · NHS

Can all sleep problems be solved with the same habits?

No. Different concerns need different assessment and care. Mention breathing changes, sleep events and daytime dozing as well as difficulty sleeping.

Based on NHLBI / NIH · NHS · NHS · NHS

Should I keep driving if a sleepiness questionnaire is low?

A score cannot establish driving safety. Do not drive when sleepy and seek appropriate medical advice, including the local rules relevant to your condition.

Based on NHS · NHS · NHS

Where this information comes from.

Use this hub to learn and prepare questions. It does not diagnose you or recommend a personal treatment plan. By Selfmora editorial; sources checked . Updated .

Additional explanations and examples: sources consulted . Examples illustrate ideas; they do not assess your personal health. Your questions

Our editorial approach